Zanzariere antimalaria, un progetto svizzero-tanzaniano
An error occurred in template CMTeasable.detail.beforeLeadText.ftl
for Content with ID 3276434.
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FreemarkerView[template=/jar:id:contentproperty:/Themes/swissinfo/templates/swissinfo-templates.jar/archive!/META-INF/resources/WEB-INF/templates/swissinfo/com.coremedia.blueprint.common.contentbeans/CMTeasable.detail.beforeLeadText.ftl]
ch.swissinfo.cae.contentbeans.SIArticleImpl$$[id=3276434]
Error rendering view
The view found for ch.swissinfo.cae.contentbeans.SIArticleImpl$$[id=3276434]#textToSpeech does not support rendering on a writer: NoViewFound
ch.swissinfo.cae.contentbeans.SIArticleImpl$$ com.coremedia.objectserver.dataviews.DataView com.coremedia.dispatch.HasCustomType ch.swissinfo.cae.contentbeans.SIArticleImpl ch.swissinfo.cae.contentbeans.SIArticleBase ch.swissinfo.common.contentbeans.SIArticle com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMArticleImpl com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMArticleBase com.coremedia.blueprint.common.contentbeans.CMArticle com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMTeasableImpl com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMTeasableBase com.coremedia.blueprint.common.contentbeans.CMTeasable com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMHasContextsImpl com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMHasContextsBase com.coremedia.blueprint.common.contentbeans.CMHasContexts com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMLinkableImpl com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMLinkableBase com.coremedia.blueprint.common.contentbeans.CMLinkable com.coremedia.blueprint.common.navigation.Linkable com.coremedia.blueprint.common.navigation.HasViewTypeName com.coremedia.blueprint.common.contentbeans.BelowRootNavigation com.coremedia.blueprint.common.datevalidation.ValidityPeriod com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMLocalizedImpl com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMLocalizedBase com.coremedia.blueprint.common.contentbeans.CMLocalized com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMObjectImpl com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.contentbeans.CMObjectBase com.coremedia.blueprint.common.contentbeans.CMObject com.coremedia.objectserver.beans.AbstractContentBean com.coremedia.objectserver.beans.ContentBean com.coremedia.objectserver.dataviews.AssumesIdentity java.lang.Object
com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewException: Error rendering view at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.rethrow(ViewUtils.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.FreemarkerViewEngine$FreemarkerView.render(FreemarkerViewEngine.java:154) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator$ExceptionDecorator.decorate(ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator.java:140) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at ch.swissinfo.cae.cdn.RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator$ContentIdCollectorImpl.render(RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator.java:66) at ch.swissinfo.cae.cdn.RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator$ContentIdCollectorImpl.decorate(RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator.java:59) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.lambda$asXmlView$0(ViewUtils.java:400) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:214) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:139) at ch.swissinfo.cae.richtext.filter.leadtext.BeforeLeadTextRenderer.renderTemplate(BeforeLeadTextRenderer.java:24) at ch.swissinfo.cae.richtext.filter.leadtext.InsertTemplateBeforeLeadTextRichtextFilter.renderTemplates(InsertTemplateBeforeLeadTextRichtextFilter.java:70) at ch.swissinfo.cae.richtext.filter.leadtext.InsertTemplateBeforeLeadTextRichtextFilter.startElement(InsertTemplateBeforeLeadTextRichtextFilter.java:63) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.startElement(XMLFilterImpl.java:551) at com.coremedia.xml.DefaultNamespaceFilter.startElement(DefaultNamespaceFilter.java:78) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.startElement(XMLFilterImpl.java:551) at com.coremedia.xml.NamespaceMapper.startElement(NamespaceMapper.java:91) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.startElement(XMLFilterImpl.java:551) at com.coremedia.xml.NamespaceMapper.startElement(NamespaceMapper.java:91) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.startElement(XMLFilterImpl.java:551) at com.coremedia.xml.XlinkRewriter.startElement(XlinkRewriter.java:59) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.startElement(XMLFilterImpl.java:551) at com.coremedia.xml.XlinkRewriter.startElement(XlinkRewriter.java:59) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.startElement(XMLFilterImpl.java:551) at ch.swissinfo.cae.richtext.filter.link.LinkFilter.startElement(LinkFilter.java:64) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.startElement(XMLFilterImpl.java:551) at ch.swissinfo.cae.richtext.filter.link.LinkFilter.startElement(LinkFilter.java:64) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.startElement(XMLFilterImpl.java:551) at ch.swissinfo.cae.richtext.filter.link.LinkFilter.startElement(LinkFilter.java:64) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.startElement(XMLFilterImpl.java:551) at ch.swissinfo.cae.richtext.filter.blockquote.BlockquoteFilter.startElement(BlockquoteFilter.java:65) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.startElement(XMLFilterImpl.java:551) at com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.richtext.filter.PDivUntanglingFilter.startDelayed(PDivUntanglingFilter.java:214) at com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.richtext.filter.PDivUntanglingFilter.characters(PDivUntanglingFilter.java:134) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.characters(XMLFilterImpl.java:588) at com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.richtext.filter.PDivUntanglingFilter.characters(PDivUntanglingFilter.java:135) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.characters(XMLFilterImpl.java:588) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.characters(XMLFilterImpl.java:588) at com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.richtext.filter.LinkValidationFilter.characters(LinkValidationFilter.java:125) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.characters(XMLFilterImpl.java:588) at com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.richtext.filter.LinkValidationFilter.characters(LinkValidationFilter.java:125) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.characters(XMLFilterImpl.java:588) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.characters(XMLFilterImpl.java:588) at com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.richtext.filter.PDivUntanglingFilter.characters(PDivUntanglingFilter.java:135) at ch.swissinfo.cae.richtext.filter.placeholder.PlaceholderRichtextFilter.characters(PlaceholderRichtextFilter.java:96) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.characters(XMLFilterImpl.java:588) at com.coremedia.xml.Decoder.decode(Decoder.java:104) at com.coremedia.xml.MarkupImpl.writeOn(MarkupImpl.java:153) at com.coremedia.xml.CompressedXMLReader.parse(CompressedXMLReader.java:41) at com.coremedia.xml.CompressedXMLReader.parse(CompressedXMLReader.java:26) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at java.xml/org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.parse(XMLFilterImpl.java:357) at com.coremedia.xml.MarkupImpl.writeOn(MarkupImpl.java:211) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.XmlMarkupView.render(XmlMarkupView.java:36) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator$ExceptionDecorator.decorate(ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator.java:165) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:354) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingXmlView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:407) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:356) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingXmlView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:407) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils$2.render(ViewUtils.java:412) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:184) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:124) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.impl.CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.include(CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.java:159) at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor296.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:1552) at freemarker.ext.beans.SimpleMethodModel.exec(SimpleMethodModel.java:73) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._eval(MethodCall.java:62) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:101) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:100) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitAndTransform(Environment.java:514) at freemarker.core.CompressedBlock.accept(CompressedBlock.java:42) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacroOrFunctionCommonPart(Environment.java:889) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacro(Environment.java:825) at freemarker.core.UnifiedCall.accept(UnifiedCall.java:84) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:347) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:353) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:326) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.FreemarkerViewEngine$FreemarkerView.render(FreemarkerViewEngine.java:150) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator$ExceptionDecorator.decorate(ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator.java:140) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at ch.swissinfo.cae.cdn.RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator$ContentIdCollectorImpl.render(RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator.java:66) at ch.swissinfo.cae.cdn.RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator$ContentIdCollectorImpl.decorate(RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator.java:59) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:184) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:124) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.impl.CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.include(CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.java:159) at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor296.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:1552) at freemarker.ext.beans.SimpleMethodModel.exec(SimpleMethodModel.java:73) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._eval(MethodCall.java:62) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:101) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:100) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitAndTransform(Environment.java:514) at freemarker.core.CompressedBlock.accept(CompressedBlock.java:42) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacroOrFunctionCommonPart(Environment.java:889) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacro(Environment.java:825) at freemarker.core.UnifiedCall.accept(UnifiedCall.java:84) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:347) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:353) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:326) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.FreemarkerViewEngine$FreemarkerView.render(FreemarkerViewEngine.java:150) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator$ExceptionDecorator.decorate(ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator.java:140) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at ch.swissinfo.cae.cdn.RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator$ContentIdCollectorImpl.render(RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator.java:66) at ch.swissinfo.cae.cdn.RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator$ContentIdCollectorImpl.decorate(RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator.java:59) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:184) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:124) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.impl.CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.include(CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.java:159) at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor296.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:1552) at freemarker.ext.beans.SimpleMethodModel.exec(SimpleMethodModel.java:73) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._eval(MethodCall.java:62) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:101) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:100) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitAndTransform(Environment.java:514) at freemarker.core.CompressedBlock.accept(CompressedBlock.java:42) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacroOrFunctionCommonPart(Environment.java:889) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacro(Environment.java:825) at freemarker.core.UnifiedCall.accept(UnifiedCall.java:84) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:347) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:353) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:353) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:353) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:326) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.FreemarkerViewEngine$FreemarkerView.render(FreemarkerViewEngine.java:150) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator$ExceptionDecorator.decorate(ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator.java:140) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at ch.swissinfo.cae.cdn.RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator$ContentIdCollectorImpl.render(RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator.java:66) at ch.swissinfo.cae.cdn.RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator$ContentIdCollectorImpl.decorate(RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator.java:59) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:184) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:124) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.impl.CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.include(CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.java:159) at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor296.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:1552) at freemarker.ext.beans.SimpleMethodModel.exec(SimpleMethodModel.java:73) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._eval(MethodCall.java:62) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:101) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:100) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitAndTransform(Environment.java:514) at freemarker.core.CompressedBlock.accept(CompressedBlock.java:42) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacroOrFunctionCommonPart(Environment.java:889) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacro(Environment.java:825) at freemarker.core.UnifiedCall.accept(UnifiedCall.java:84) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executedNestedContentForCollOrSeqListing(IteratorBlock.java:321) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executeNestedContent(IteratorBlock.java:271) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.accept(IteratorBlock.java:244) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitIteratorBlock(Environment.java:657) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.acceptWithResult(IteratorBlock.java:108) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.accept(IteratorBlock.java:94) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executedNestedContentForCollOrSeqListing(IteratorBlock.java:321) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executeNestedContent(IteratorBlock.java:271) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.accept(IteratorBlock.java:244) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitIteratorBlock(Environment.java:657) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.acceptWithResult(IteratorBlock.java:108) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.accept(IteratorBlock.java:94) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:347) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:353) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:353) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:326) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.FreemarkerViewEngine$FreemarkerView.render(FreemarkerViewEngine.java:150) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator$ExceptionDecorator.decorate(ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator.java:140) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at ch.swissinfo.cae.cdn.RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator$ContentIdCollectorImpl.render(RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator.java:66) at ch.swissinfo.cae.cdn.RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator$ContentIdCollectorImpl.decorate(RenderedContentIdCollectorDecorator.java:59) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:184) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:124) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.impl.CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.include(CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.java:159) at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor296.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:1552) at freemarker.ext.beans.SimpleMethodModel.exec(SimpleMethodModel.java:73) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._eval(MethodCall.java:62) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:101) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:100) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitAndTransform(Environment.java:514) at freemarker.core.CompressedBlock.accept(CompressedBlock.java:42) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacroOrFunctionCommonPart(Environment.java:889) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacro(Environment.java:825) at freemarker.core.UnifiedCall.accept(UnifiedCall.java:84) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:347) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:353) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:326) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.FreemarkerViewEngine$FreemarkerView.render(FreemarkerViewEngine.java:150) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator$ExceptionDecorator.decorate(ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator.java:140) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:344) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:346) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:428) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:184) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:124) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.impl.CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.include(CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.java:159) at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor296.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:1552) at freemarker.ext.beans.SimpleMethodModel.exec(SimpleMethodModel.java:73) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._eval(MethodCall.java:62) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:101) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:100) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitAndTransform(Environment.java:514) at freemarker.core.CompressedBlock.accept(CompressedBlock.java:42) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacroOrFunctionCommonPart(Environment.java:889) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacro(Environment.java:825) at freemarker.core.UnifiedCall.accept(UnifiedCall.java:84) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:347) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:353) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:326) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.FreemarkerViewEngine$FreemarkerView.render(FreemarkerViewEngine.java:150) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.FreemarkerViewEngine$FreemarkerView.render(FreemarkerViewEngine.java:122) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator$ExceptionDecorator.decorate(ExceptionHandlingViewDecorator.java:113) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:334) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:422) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingBaseView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:336) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewDecoratorBase$DecoratingServletAndTextView.render(ViewDecoratorBase.java:422) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:152) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:109) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.BeanView.renderMergedOutputModel(BeanView.java:63) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:316) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1373) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1118) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1057) at com.coremedia.objectserver.web.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:69) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:943) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1006) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:898) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:626) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:883) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:733) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:227) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.filter.PreviewViewFilter.doFilterInternal(PreviewViewFilter.java:48) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at ch.swissinfo.elastic.webservice.filter.RequestParameterFilter.doFilter(RequestParameterFilter.java:44) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at com.coremedia.blueprint.elastic.social.cae.user.UserFilter.doFilter(UserFilter.java:61) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at ch.swissinfo.elastic.webservice.jwt.JwtFilter.doFilter(JwtFilter.java:50) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at com.coremedia.elastic.core.impl.servlet.TenantFilter.doFilter(TenantFilter.java:55) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.filter.SiteFilter.doFilter(SiteFilter.java:54) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:320) at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:118) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter.doFilter(SessionManagementFilter.java:84) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:111) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:158) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter.doFilter(RequestCacheAwareFilter.java:63) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:116) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:113) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:113) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:82) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:113) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:215) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:186) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:358) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:271) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:320) at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:118) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter.doFilter(SessionManagementFilter.java:137) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:111) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:158) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter.doFilter(RequestCacheAwareFilter.java:63) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:116) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.csrf.CsrfFilter.doFilterInternal(CsrfFilter.java:117) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doHeadersAfter(HeaderWriterFilter.java:92) at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal(HeaderWriterFilter.java:77) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:105) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal(WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:56) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:334) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:215) at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:178) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at org.springframework.web.multipart.support.MultipartFilter.doFilterInternal(MultipartFilter.java:125) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at org.springframework.session.web.http.SessionRepositoryFilter.doFilterInternal(SessionRepositoryFilter.java:141) at org.springframework.session.web.http.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:82) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at org.springframework.boot.actuate.metrics.web.servlet.WebMvcMetricsFilter.doFilterInternal(WebMvcMetricsFilter.java:93) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at com.coremedia.blueprint.cae.filter.RequestRejectedExceptionFilter.doFilter(RequestRejectedExceptionFilter.java:41) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:202) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:97) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:542) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:143) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:78) at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:687) at org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteIpValve.invoke(RemoteIpValve.java:764) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:346) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:374) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:887) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1684) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:829) Caused by: com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewException: The view found for ch.swissinfo.cae.contentbeans.SIArticleImpl$$[id=3276434]#textToSpeech does not support rendering on a writer: NoViewFound at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.asTextView(ViewUtils.java:198) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:180) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.ViewUtils.render(ViewUtils.java:124) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.impl.CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.include(CAEFreemarkerFacadeImpl.java:159) at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor296.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) at freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper.invokeMethod(BeansWrapper.java:1552) at freemarker.ext.beans.SimpleMethodModel.exec(SimpleMethodModel.java:73) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._eval(MethodCall.java:62) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:101) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:100) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitAndTransform(Environment.java:514) at freemarker.core.CompressedBlock.accept(CompressedBlock.java:42) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:383) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacroOrFunctionCommonPart(Environment.java:889) at freemarker.core.Environment.invokeMacro(Environment.java:825) at freemarker.core.UnifiedCall.accept(UnifiedCall.java:84) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:347) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:353) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:326) at com.coremedia.objectserver.view.freemarker.FreemarkerViewEngine$FreemarkerView.render(FreemarkerViewEngine.java:150) ... 414 more
Insegne, t-shirt e scritte sui bus pubblicizzarono la campagna. Agli incontri comunitari gruppi teatrali ne fecero conoscere i benefici.
Questo contenuto è stato pubblicato il 22 aprile 2003
Il messaggio era semplice: andare a letto è la cosa più pericolosa per tuo figlio, ma dormire sotto una zanzariera trattata può salvargli la vita.
I risultati su di un periodo di tre anni sono stati spettacolari: la vendita di 65 mila zanzariere ha ridotto del 27% la mortalità infantile.
Il progetto svizzero-tanzaniano realizzato in due distretti rurali del sud della Tanzania ha fornito importanti informazioni per poter estendere l'impiego delle zanzariere a tutto il paese.
Ricerche di mercato
Il programma Kilombero Net Project (Kinet) ebbe inizio nel 1996 con un'indagine di sei mesi sull'atteggiamento degli abitanti del posto riguardo alla malaria, le zanzare e la mortalità infantile.
Le ricerche di mercato hanno contribuito ad identificare quali erano le zanzariere preferite (verdi quadrate, in due taglie) e quale insetticida (confezionato in piccoli sacchetti) come pure a creare una marca e un logo per la promozione dei prodotti.
Le zanzariere sono state messe sul mercato ad un prezzo equivalente a 7 franchi svizzeri e i sacchetti d'insetticida a 90 centesimi. La distribuzione in ogni villaggio è stata affidata a negozi, leader locali e addetti sanitari.
"L'accesso a radio, televisione e giornali è limitato nelle aree in cui operavamo, così abbiamo cercato di promuovere il messaggio attraverso il teatro e lo sport," dice Haji Mponda, responsabile del settore marketing sociale al centro di ricerca e sviluppo sanitario di Ifakara.
Tra il 1997 e il 2000 sono state vendute più di 65mila zanzariere e 24mila confezioni di insetticida.
Marketing sociale
Molto prima dell'inizio del programma diversi studi condotti un po' dappertutto in Africa avevano già sottolineato che uno dei mezzi più efficaci per evitare la malaria era dormire sotto una tenda trattata con l'insetticida.
Quello che di nuovo il progetto Kinet ha portato è l'aspetto del marketing sociale. Il marketing sociale usa gli stessi metodi di quello commerciale, ma applicati ad un prodotto utile alla società.
È già stato impiegato con successo per promuovere l'uso del preservativo, degli anticoncezionali e di prodotti per la reintegrazione dei liquidi. La tecnica è ben nota in Svizzera soprattutto grazie alla campagna Stop Aids.
Il marketing sociale usato nel controllo della malaria nella valle del Kilombero ha dimostrato che l'acquisto di zanzariere poteva essere drasticamente incrementato, riducendo contemporaneamente la mortalità infantile.
"Sapevamo dell'efficacia delle zanzariere trattate, ma mancava l'esperienza del loro impiego su vasta scala," spiega Mohammadou Kabir Cham, dell'Organizzazione mondiale della sanità.
"Lo studio Kinet ha mostrato che usare il marketing sociale significa moltiplicare per sei l'impiego delle zanzariere trattate".
Utile netto
"La riduzione del 27% della mortalità infantile è stata una scoperta chiave," aggiunge Alasdair Unwin, addetto alla cooperazione tecnica del programma nazionale di controllo della malaria.
"Se ci basiamo sullo studio Kinet, possiamo dire che vengono salvati 30 mila bambini l'anno. Anche le donne incinte con le zanzariere hanno ridotto la percentuale di anemie e di nascite di neonati sottopeso, condizioni che ovviamente incidono sulla sopravvivenza dei bambini."
Il progetto ha dunque dimostrato che era possibile arrivare proprio ai gruppi ad alto rischio - i bambini al di sotto dei cinque anni e le donne incinte - come pure le persone più vulnerabili.
"All'inizio esaminando il possesso di zanzariere tra diversi gruppi sociali, abbiamo scoperto che solo il 10% dei più poveri ne avevano una," spiega Hassan Mshinda, direttore del centro di Ifakara.
"Con il marketing sociale siamo stati in grado di aumentare il possesso di zanzariere da parte dei gruppi più poveri di quasi il 50%. Le zanzariere possono ridurre la malaria e la mortalità. Con il marketing sociale si può ridurre anche l'ineguaglianza."
Svantaggi
Se Kinet ha indicato la strada da seguire, ha anche suggerito quali potrebbero essere i problemi futuri.
La maggior parte della gente sembra considerare le zanzariere un modo per prevenire le punture di zanzara, piuttosto che un metodo per controllare la malaria.
Durante la stagione secca molti non usano la zanzariera, anche se la trasmissione della malaria continua. Ancora più difficile è convincere la gente a ripetere il trattamento con l'insetticida.
"Nei due distretti in cui abbiamo lavorato intensamente l'80% delle abitazioni ha almeno una zanzariera, ma la percentuale di coloro che ripetono il trattamento è inferiore al 10%", afferma Mponda.
Altre due esperienze si sono dimostrate importanti. In primo luogo si è visto che i piccoli negozi sono il luogo migliore per la vendita dei prodotti.
La seconda esperienza positiva è stata quella dei buoni sconto del 15% per l'acquisto dei prodotti da parte di donne incinte e di genitori di bambini in tenera età. Anche se sono state relativamente poche le madri che hanno accolto l'offerta, si ritiene che i buoni sconto saranno in futuro una fattore chiave del programma su base nazionale.
swissinfo, Vincent Landon
(traduzione: Raffaella Rossello)
In breve
Kinet è il nome di un programma di marketing sociale per la promozione di zanzariere trattate con insetticida.
Il progetto di controllo della malaria ha avuto luogo in Tanzania dal 1996 al 2000.
Coinvolte 420 mila persone nei distretti Kilombero e Ulanga.
Kinet ha ridotto la mortalità infantile del 27% e aumentato l'uso delle zanzariere del 60%.
Ridotte del 60% anche le anemie e i livelli parassitari nel sangue.
Lo studio è stato supportato dall'agenzia svizzera DSC (Direzione dello sviluppo e cooperazione).
È stato realizzato dall'Istituto tropicale svizzero e dal centro sanitario di Ifakara.
In conformità con gli standard di JTI
Altri sviluppi: SWI swissinfo.ch certificato dalla Journalism Trust Initiative
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